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Kate Clair Cruden Hughes, Amy Hai Yan Chan

Asthma affects nearly 300 million people worldwide.1 Despite a notable decline in age-standardized prevalence, mortality and disability-adjusted life years over the past three decades, the burden of asthma remains high in many countries including low-middle-income countries.2 Climate change is also predicted to significantly impact asthma and other respiratory-related conditions, as rising global temperatures lead to longer pollen […]

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Pentraxin-2 is a member of the pentraxin family of proteins, which includes C-reactive protein (CRP), pentraxin-2 and pentraxin-3.1–3 When initially discovered and characterized, pentraxin-2 was known as serum amyloid P (SAP) due to its isolation from amyloid deposits in humans; ...

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Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by inflammation and/or fibrosis.1 Pulmonary fibrosis develops due to repeated cycles of injury and impaired repair with fibroblast activation and migration with the resultant deposition of extracellular matrix ...

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Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD)-lung disease (LD) is a rare genetic disease caused by a deficiency of the alpha-1 antitrypsin (AAT) protein in the blood and lungs. Loss of the AAT protein reduces inhibition of the proteases, specifically neutrophil elastase, ...

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Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of the skin and other organs. It has a range of clinical manifestations, and the typical internal organs involved include the lungs, kidneys, heart, and gastrointestinal tract. Though ...

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  Highlights Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage (DAH), though rare, can be fatal and requires a high index of suspicion as frank hemoptysis may not be a presenting symptom. Multilobar pneumonia can simulate DAH both clinically and radiographically. Diagnosis relies on a ...

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Diagnosis Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is the most common of the idiopathic interstitial pneumonias1 and accounts for about 20 % of all interstitial lung diseases (ILD).2 IPF should be considered in all adult patients with unexplained chronic exertional dyspnea,3 though it is ...

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